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. 2 sheets-sheet 1. N. A. PRATT nL Gr. BENSON. APPAR TUS 0R THE TR IONPATTY MATTERS PR NIMAL, BTA NCES.

LS AND AND MINERAL SUBSTA No. 30 Patented Sept. 16,

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(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2.

N. A. PRATT & G. W. BENSON. APPARATUS FOR THB EXTRAGTION 0F OILS ANDPATTY MATTERS d Sept. 16, 1884.

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NrrEn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NATHANIEL A. PRATT, OF DEOATUR, AND GEORGE WT. BENSON, OF

MARIETTA, GEORGIA.

APPARATUS FOR THE EXTRACTION 0F OILS AND FATTY MATTERS FROM ANIMAL,VEGETABLE, ANDMINERAL SUBSTANCES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 305,224, datedSeptember 16, 1884.

Application filed June 2, 1884.

(No model.)

table, and Mineral Substances, which improvements are fully set forth inthe Vfollowing specification and accompanying drawings.

The object of our invention and process is to providel efficient andsufficient mechanical device or devices to use with safety and econ-`omy mechanical pressure, combined with chemical percolation anddiffusion of solvents, whereby fatty substances may be operated upon forthe extraction of their oilsand fatty vfatty matters combined withsolvents from a pressed mass. It is known that danger attaches to theuse of solvents in almost all such processes, which danger is mainlychargeable ,to exposure of the material while under operation forextraction or recovery. It may be seen that our devices and combinationsavoid exposure of the material at any period of operation while thesolventds in combination with the oily substance or the fatty matters,except the trace of solvent left in the hard cake after pressure, andwhile it is being taken from the press, and the cake is then so nearlyexempt from oil or solvent as to be entirely free from danger by reasonof inflammability. Another object is that, when desirable to do so, wemay extract the fat without the application of heat to the material, andthus produce cold-pressed oil. A sequence of our `l1" designates theplunger.

process is leaving in the pressed mass all albuminoids heretofore partlypressed out with theoil, and, finally, the production of an oil withbody firm at 66.

Ve will now describe our treatment of cotton-seed for the extraction ofits fatty matters, which will demonstrate our process and invention.

Figure 1 represents a vertical section of any press with our adjunctsand mechanical devices, the latter only shaded. A designates the ram, Bthe head-block, C the base or pot, and D the pillars, of any hydraulicor other press. E designates the movable cylinder. G designates thepacking on edge of movable cylinder E. H designates the hydraulicpacking in cylinder I designates the solvent7 injection-pipe. K kdesignate the perforated plates. L Z designate the concealed cavities.the discharge-pipes.

Decorticated or undecorticated cotton-seed kernels are charged intocylinder E, which for that purpose has been lowered from headblock B.The ram, upon which is mounted plunger F, is set in upward motion. Thecylinder E,with contents, is raised by mechanical appliance to itsposition for pressure, when M designates Y packing G contacts withhead-block B. The

usual hydraulic packing, H, is in cylinder E, against which plunger Facts, and thus both packings make space X, containing the charge,leak-proof. The ram, with its surmounted plunger F, continues its upwardmotion, now, exerting pressure upon the charged mass. At this period ofthe process our charge of solvent is injected into the mass through pipeI, connected with cylinder E for that purpose, when percolation anddiffusion combine with mechanical pressure, and their united agencyaccomplishes the most thorough and attainable extraction possible. Thesecombined powers force the fatty matter from the mass both upward anddownward through the perforated plates K and 7s into their connectedinclosed and concealed cavities L and Z, and thence through pipes M,Src., they are conducted to V a still, where, by low heat appliedbymeans of steampipe surfaces, the solvent is evaporated from the oil,and, being condensed, flows into the solvent-receiver ready for useagain,while the oil is left pure to be drawn 0E into its tank. The massin space X having been thus pressed into a cake, y, and the last portionof fatty matter being in process ofiinal withdrawal, cylinder E isforced down by mechanical means, as represented on the drawings, orotherwise, from around the periphery of the cake y to a point a littlebelow the lower face line of the cake, ram and plunger F being meanwhileheld at the pressure-point, thus retaining the cake firmly betweenplunger F and head-block Bwhile cylinder E is slid down. The pressure onthe ram is then sufficiently relieved to release the cake, when' it maybe pushed out into its container, where it may also be subjected to alow surface steam-heat for the recovery of any trace of solvent whichmay remain in the cake. The ram is finally lowered to its originalposition, while cylinder E, already lowercd,is then ready for anothercharge.

Two or more movable cylinders with intervening platens over one ram,or adouble-acting ram, may be operated with similar me- -chanicalarrangements, and thus increase capacity.

If it is deemed desirable to charge through a hole in the head-block,the combined perforated plate and concealed cavity may be made in aslide covering the aperture in the head-block while the press is beingmade, and other similar slides may be used in the base block upon it orin the platens, and these slides may contain the combined perforatedplates and inclosed and concealed cavities.

- The slide S, Fig. 2, is to be shoved into the head-block or baseblockwhen a pressure is to be made, and is sufficientlylarge in area on itsface to more than cover the outer edge of the cylinder E, in which hasbeen charged the mass to be operated upon, and after the injection ofsolvent and pressure has been made, and the oil and fatty matters havethus been extracted, the ram-pressure is then relieved, and the slidewithdrawn far enough to admit of forcing the caked mass from thecylinder out through the opening in the block, and the slide remainswithdrawn while another charge of material is made through the openinginto the cylinder.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. l represents a cross-section of apress with our mechanical devices. Figs. 2 and 3 represent amodification.

Having thus described our process and invention, what we claim as new,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The process of extracting oil or fatty matters from animal,vegetable, or mineral substances by percolation and diffusion ofchemical solvents in or through the mass, operated upon while the saidmass is under mechanical pressure.

2. The process of extracting oil or fatty matters from animal,vegetable, or mineral substances by chemical solvents acting upon a massWhile it is undergoing pressure,with the mechanical adjuncts and parts,substantially as shown and described.

3. The movable cylinder E, in a press for extracting oil andfattymatters from animal, vegetable, or mineral substances, substantially asshown and described.

Il. In apress for extracting oil or fatty matters from animal,vegetable, or mineral substances, the cylinder E, movable or stationary,in combination with the perforated plates K and 7a, provided with theinclosed and concealed cavities L and Z, through which the oil or fattymatters may pass from the mass under treatment, and be conveyed throughpipe M and other conduits without exposure.

5. In a press for extracting oil or fatty mat ters from animal,vegetable, or mineral substances, the slide S, containing thc perforatedplates K and k, provided with the inclosed and concealed cavities LandZ, for the purposes and substantially as shown and described.

6. The movable Ycylinder E, in combination with a head or base block,platen, plunger, or slide in a press for extracting oil or fatty mattersfrom animal, vegetable, or mineral substances. i

7. In a press for the extraction of oil or fatty matters from animal,vegetable, or mineral substances, a cylinder having a perforatedhead-plate, in combination with a plunger provided with a perforatedface-plate, a ram for actuating said plunger, suitable ind uctionpipesfor introducing the solvent, and eductionepipes, all constructed,combined, and operated substantially as herein set forth and described.

NATHL. A. PRATT. G. W`. BENSON.

lVitnesses:

B. E. BOYD, 0. C. FULLER.

IOO

